Which process describes how children learn behaviors from their cultural surroundings?

The process that describes how children learn behaviors from their cultural surroundings is primary socialization. This occurs primarily in early childhood when individuals first engage with the fundamental norms and values of their culture, typically within the family unit. During this stage, children absorb language, customs, and social skills, which shape their identity and influence their future interactions in society. It serves as a foundational period where they learn the expectations of their cultural environment, which will guide their behavior and social engagements throughout life.

In contrast, secondary socialization refers to the process that happens later in life, often through institutions such as schools, peer groups, and societal influences outside of the family. Reverse socialization involves younger individuals teaching older generations about contemporary values and norms, but it does not describe the primary learning context for children. Sociocultural learning is a broader term that can encompass various aspects of learning within a culture, but it is not specifically focused on the primary absorption of behavioral norms as seen in primary socialization.