What is a common result of industrialization on the environment?

The common result of industrialization on the environment is the production of byproducts that can harm the environment. Industrial processes often generate various types of waste and pollutants, including toxic chemicals, greenhouse gases, and particulate matter. These byproducts can lead to air and water pollution, habitat destruction, and contribute to climate change.

As industries expand, the need for raw materials and energy increases, leading to resource extraction that can degrade natural ecosystems. Industrialization can also alter land use patterns, resulting in urban sprawl that further disrupts local environments.

In contrast, the other choices do not accurately reflect the typical outcomes associated with industrial growth. For instance, enhanced biodiversity is generally not a result of industrialization; rather, industrial activities tend to reduce biodiversity through habitat loss and pollution. Similarly, while industrialization often leads to the growth of urban areas rather than their reduction, the assertion that it increases agricultural production without side effects fails to consider the negative impacts such as soil degradation, pesticide use, and reliance on mono-cropping.