What does urbanization refer to?

Urbanization refers to the development and growth of cities, which includes the increasing number of people living in urban areas compared to rural regions. This process often involves a migration from rural areas to urban centers in search of better economic opportunities, education, healthcare, and other services. Urbanization can lead to significant changes in social structures, economies, and even governance within a society, often contributing to the expansion of infrastructure and the rise of urban culture. This phenomenon is a key aspect of modern societal development, especially in industrialized nations, and is an important topic of study in social sciences, particularly in understanding demographic trends and their implications for both urban and rural areas.